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Medical Guides

Plain-English guides to help you understand blood tests, medical letters, prescriptions, hospital documents and common healthcare terminology — so you can feel more confident before speaking to a clinician.

Medipher explains medical wording in plain English — it does not diagnose or replace a clinician. If this is a medical emergency, call your local emergency number immediately.

Learning collections

Guided pathways that take you through a topic step by step, from the basics to the individual tests.

Understanding Kidney HealthWork through the tests that describe how the kidneys are filtering — creatinine, eGFR, urea and electrolytes — and how they are read together.
  • Kidney Function Tests
  • eGFR
  • Creatinine
  • Urea
  • Electrolytes
Understand kidney function tests
Understanding Thyroid HealthHow the pituitary and thyroid talk to each other, what TSH, T4 and T3 each describe, and how a thyroid panel is interpreted.
  • TSH
  • T3
  • T4
  • Thyroid Blood Tests
Explore thyroid blood tests
Understanding CholesterolWhat cholesterol actually is, how HDL, LDL and triglycerides differ, and why the balance between them matters more than one number.
  • HDL
  • LDL
  • Triglycerides
  • Total Cholesterol
Understand cholesterol results
Understanding Liver FunctionWhat each liver marker looks at — ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin and albumin — and why the pattern across them is what clinicians read.
  • ALT
  • AST
  • ALP
  • Bilirubin
  • Albumin
Learn about liver blood tests
Understanding Blood SugarHow HbA1c differs from a glucose reading, what the numbers describe over time, and how results are monitored.
  • HbA1c
  • Fasting glucose
  • Diabetes blood tests
Learn about blood sugar and HbA1c
Understanding Iron and AnaemiaHow haemoglobin, ferritin, MCV and red cell counts relate, and why iron stores can fall before anaemia appears.
  • Haemoglobin
  • Ferritin
  • MCV
  • Red blood cells
  • Anaemia
Learn how iron and anaemia tests fit together
Understanding Blood Test ResultsStart with the report itself: how long results take, where to find them, how a report is laid out, and what the wording on it actually means.
  • How long results take
  • Seeing results online
  • Reading a report
  • Reference ranges
  • Report wording
Follow the steps for reading a report
Featured guide
Blood Tests

Understanding Blood Test Results

Learn what common blood test values such as RBC, Hb, WBC, MCV, platelets and other common blood tests actually mean.

8 min readUpdated 18 September 2026
Read guide

Newest guides

Blood Tests

How Long Do Blood Test Results Take?

Why waiting times differ between tests and services, what happens between the laboratory and your clinician, and what to do if your results have not arrived.

7 min read Updated 15 September 2026
Blood Tests

How to Find Blood Test Results in the NHS App

How to find and check NHS App blood test results, why some results do not appear, and what labels such as ‘Normal – No action’ mean.

8 min read Updated 13 October 2026
Blood Tests

How to Read Blood Test Results

Learn how to read blood test results: test names, values, units, reference ranges, flags, comments and report status, with a fictional example in plain English.

8 min read Updated 17 October 2026

Available guides

Blood Tests

Understanding Blood Test Results

Learn what common blood test values such as RBC, Hb, WBC, MCV, platelets and other common blood tests actually mean.

8 min read Updated 18 September 2026
Blood Tests

Understanding Liver Function Tests

What ALT, AST, ALP, bilirubin and albumin measure, how they are read together and what may happen next.

8 min read Updated 12 August 2026
Blood Tests

Understanding Kidney Function Tests

A plain-English guide to eGFR, creatinine, urea and electrolytes — and what an unexpected result may lead to.

8 min read Updated 12 August 2026
Blood Tests

Understanding HbA1c & Blood Sugar

What HbA1c measures, how it differs from a single glucose reading and what can make it less reliable.

7 min read Updated 12 August 2026
Blood Tests

Understanding Thyroid Function Tests

What TSH, free T4 and free T3 measure, why they are read together and what usually happens next.

7 min read Updated 18 September 2026
Blood Tests

Understanding Cholesterol & Lipid Profile

Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides and ratios explained — and how they fit into overall risk.

8 min read Updated 12 August 2026
Blood Tests

CRP Blood Test: What Your Result Means

What a CRP blood test measures, why it is requested, and how high or low C-reactive protein results are usually interpreted.

7 min read Updated 27 August 2026
Blood Tests

Understanding Full Blood Count (FBC) Results

What a full blood count measures — haemoglobin, white cells, platelets and MCV — and what unusual results may lead to.

8 min read Updated 11 September 2026
Blood Tests

How Long Do Blood Test Results Take?

Why waiting times differ between tests and services, what happens between the laboratory and your clinician, and what to do if your results have not arrived.

7 min read Updated 15 September 2026
Blood Tests

How to Find Blood Test Results in the NHS App

How to find and check NHS App blood test results, why some results do not appear, and what labels such as ‘Normal – No action’ mean.

8 min read Updated 13 October 2026
Blood Tests

How to Read Blood Test Results

Learn how to read blood test results: test names, values, units, reference ranges, flags, comments and report status, with a fictional example in plain English.

8 min read Updated 17 October 2026

Coming soon

We're steadily adding new plain-English guides.

Medical ReportsComing soon

Understanding MRI Reports

A plain-English guide to reading MRI scan reports.

7 min read
Medical ReportsComing soon

Understanding ECG Results

What the wording on an ECG report means, in everyday language.

6 min read
Medical ReportsComing soon

Understanding X-Ray Reports

A plain-English guide to reading X-ray reports.

5 min read
Medical ReportsComing soon

Understanding CT Scan Reports

Making sense of CT scan wording in plain English.

7 min read
Hospital CareComing soon

Understanding Hospital Discharge Summaries

Making sense of hospital discharge summaries in plain English.

8 min read
Medical LettersComing soon

Understanding GP Letters

A plain-English walkthrough of common GP correspondence.

6 min read
Medical LettersComing soon

Understanding Referral Letters

What a referral letter means and what happens next.

5 min read
MedicationsComing soon

Understanding Prescriptions

How to read the dose, frequency and instructions on a prescription.

6 min read
Blood TestsComing soon

Understanding Ferritin Results

What ferritin measures and what high or low values may suggest.

5 min read
Blood TestsComing soon

Understanding Vitamin D Results

A plain-English guide to vitamin D blood test results.

5 min read

Medical Glossary

Look up individual medical terms — from haemoglobin and creatinine to HbA1c and TSH — in plain English.

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Medipher guides are general health information, not medical advice. Always discuss your results and medical documents with a GP, doctor, nurse or pharmacist. Currently 11 published, 10 on the roadmap.